The board of directors sided with Sculley while Jobs took a business trip to Western Europe and the Soviet Union on behalf of Apple. : 291 Later that year, Jobs began a power struggle to regain control of the company. : 227 Apple's chief executive officer (CEO) John Sculley ousted Jobs from his day-to-day role at Apple, replacing him with Jean-Louis Gassée in 1985. As a result, sales plummeted, : 193 and Apple was forced to write off millions of dollars in unsold inventory. Jobs's division did not release upgraded versions of the Macintosh and much of the Macintosh Office system. Jobs was intrigued by Berg's concept of a workstation and contemplated starting a higher education computer company in late 1985, amid increasing turmoil at Apple. : 72 Berg was frustrated by the time and expense of researching recombinant DNA via wet laboratories, and suggested that Jobs should use his influence at Apple to create for higher education a " 3M computer", a term for a workstation with one megabyte of random-access memory (RAM), a one- megapixel display, and one megaFLOPS of CPU performance. Jobs met Paul Berg, a Nobel Laureate in chemistry, at a luncheon held in Silicon Valley to honor François Mitterrand, then President of France. Jobs visited university departments and faculty members to sell Macintosh. : 56, 67 The consortium had earned more than $50 million on computers by February 1984. The Macintosh had been successful on university campuses partly because of the Apple University Consortium, which allowed students and institutions to buy the computers at a discount. In 1985, Apple co-founder Steve Jobs led Apple's SuperMicro division, which was responsible for the development of the Macintosh and Lisa personal computers. In following decades, the new operating system was renamed OS X and then later macOS and was adapted into the embedded multimedia platforms of iOS, watchOS, and tvOS to serve as the basis of Apple's later hardware lines: iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, and Apple TV.
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The merger converted Steve Jobs from Chairman and CEO of NeXT to an advisory role at Apple, the company he had co-founded in 1976 and it promised to port NeXT's operating system to Macintosh hardware, combine it with the legacy application layer of Mac OS, and yield Mac OS X. WebObjects never became very popular because of its initial high price of $50,000, but it remains a prominent early example of a Web server based on dynamic page generation rather than on static content.Īpple purchased NeXT in 1997 for $429 million and 1.5 million shares of Apple stock. NeXT also developed WebObjects, one of the first enterprise web application frameworks. NeXT withdrew from the hardware business in 1993 to concentrate on marketing OPENSTEP for Mach, its own OpenStep implementation, for several original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). NeXT later released much of the NeXTSTEP system as a programming environment standard called OpenStep. In 1987, he invested $20 million in exchange for 16 percent of NeXT's stock and subsequently joined the board of directors in 1988. The first major outside investment was from Ross Perot, who invested after seeing a segment about NeXT on a 1986 PBS documentary titled Entrepreneurs. Nevertheless, their innovative object-oriented NeXTSTEP operating system and development environment ( Interface Builder) were highly influential. The NeXT computers experienced relatively limited sales, with estimates of about 50,000 units shipped in total. NeXT introduced the first NeXT Computer in 1988, and the smaller NeXTstation in 1990. NeXT was founded by Jobs after he was forced out of Apple, along with several co-workers.
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Based in Redwood City, California, the company developed and manufactured a series of computer workstations intended for the higher education and business markets.
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and NeXT Software, Inc.) was an American computer and software company founded in 1985 by Apple Computer co-founder Steve Jobs.
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